1. Kornegay HR. New directions: A presentation of the Tobacco Institute staff by Horace R. Kornegay, chairman to the Executive Committee. June 25, 1981. Tobacco Institute document no. TIMN0074974/4990. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/gyv92f00. Accessed in June 2007.

2. Hill and Knowlton, Inc. Background material on the cigarette industry client. December 15, 1953. R.J. Reynolds document no. 519124023/4027. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ssq31d00. Accessed in June 2007.

3. Hill and Knowlton, Inc. Press release: Re: Dr. Clarence Cook Little appointed director of Tobacco Industry Research Committee. Issued June 15, 1954. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/arx49c00. Accessed in June 2007.

4. Diethelm P, McKee M. Lifting the smokescreen: Tobacco industry strategy to defeat smoke free policies and legislation. Brussels: Report prepared for the European Respiratory Society and Institut National du Cancer (INCa, France). February 2006. Available at: http://www.ersnet.org/ers/show/default.aspx?id_attach=13552. Accessed in June 2007.

5. Roper Organization, Inc. A study of public attitudes toward cigarette smoking and the tobacco industry in 1978, vol. 1. Brown and Williamson document no. 501000285/0340; May 1978. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cns10f00. Accessed in June 2007.

6. Hirayama T. Non-smoking wives of heavy smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer: A study from Japan. BMJ (clinical research ed.). 1981;282 (6259):183–85.

7. Tobacco Merchants Association. Tobacco: Its Economic Performance. Part VIII: Government Impact on Consumption: Executive summary. October 28, 1983. Lorillard document no. 93137245/7256. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cbc60e00. Accessed in June 2007.

8. Workplace smoking restrictions: Communications and lobbying support program. February 1984. Brown and Williamson document no. 521046145/6174. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/soc43f00. Accessed in June 2007.

9. Proposal for the organization of the Whitecoat Project. 1988. Philip Morris document no. 2501254705/4708. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/atj32e00. Accessed in June 2007.

10. Boyse S. Note on a special meeting of the UK industry on environmental tobacco smoke, London, February 17, 1988. Philip Morris document no. 2063791176/1180. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/dof53a00. Accessed in June 2007.

11. Diethelm PA, Rielle J-C, McKee M. The whole truth and nothing but the truth? The research that Philip Morris did not want you to see. Lancet. 2005;366(9479):86–92.

12. Drope J, Chapman S. Tobacco industry efforts at discrediting scientific knowledge of environmental tobacco smoke: A review of internal industry documents. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2001;55:588–94.

13. Tobacco Institute. Public smoking issue: Consulting scientists on ETS and IAQ. Undated. Tobacco Institute document no. TIDN0003162-TIDN0003164. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/dym91f00. Accessed in June 2007.

14. Bero LA, Glantz SA, Rennie D. Publication bias and public health policy on environmental tobacco smoke. JAMA. 1994;272(2):133–36.

15. Schroeder TD (Womble, Carlyle, Sandridge, & Rice). Letter to Gold SM (Magistrate Judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York). Re: Falise et al. v. American Tobacco Co. et al. (CV99–73492) (JBW). February 29, 2000. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/eyl62d00. Accessed in June 2007.

16. Wiggins E, McKenna J. Researchers’ reactions to compelled disclosure of scientific information. Law and Contemporary Problems. 1996;59(3):67–93.

17. R.J. Reynolds Outside Legal Counsel. Smoking and health litigation: Integrated exposure and hazard assessment initiative. Descriptive project proposal and working notes. Draft: January 20, 1987. R.J. Reynolds Document no. 507916450/6480. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ogm95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

18. Colucci AV (R.J. Reynolds). Memorandum to Newton G (R.J. Reynolds). Subject: Planning of strategic analyses. January 2, 1986. R.J. Reynolds Document no. 515838456/8457. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ouj95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

19. Colucci AV (R.J. Reynolds ). Memorandum to Newton G (R.J. Reynolds). Subject: Consultants and witnesses status. February 25, 1985.

20. Life Systems, Inc. Alternate causation: ICAIR. October 21, 1985. R.J. Reynolds Document no. 515872625/2864. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/znj95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

21. Action on Smoking and Health v. U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 1991 U.S. App. LEXIS 10487; 15 OSHC (BNA) 1030. Unpublished disposition filed May 10, 1991.

22. OSHA. Occupational exposure to indoor air pollutants: Request for information. Fed. Reg. 1991;56(183):47892–97.

23. OSHA. Indoor air quality: Notice of proposed rulemaking; notice of informal public hearing. Fed. Reg. 1994;59(65):15968–16039.

24. Bryan-Jones K, Bero LA. Tobacco industry efforts to defeat the Occupational Safety and Health Administration indoor air quality rule. Am J Public Health. 2003;93(4):585–92.

25. Philip Morris. Draft, 7/8/94, CAC presentation #4. Philip Morris document no. 2041183751/3790; 1994. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/vnf77e00. Accessed in June 2007.

26. Smith C, Vizcaino T (R.J. Reynolds). Memorandum to Simmons S (R.J. Reynolds). Subject: October 28, 1988, meeting with Dr. Neil [H. Daniel] Roth. November 3, 1988. R. J. Reynolds document no. 508234343/4344. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/lvc04d00. Accessed in June 2007.

27. Stern FB, Halperin WE, Hornung RW et al. Heart disease mortality among bridge and tunnel officers exposed to carbon monoxide. Am J Epidemiol. 1988;128(6):1276–88.

28. Roth HD (Roth Associates, Inc.). Letter to Hall T (Division of Consumer Affairs, OSHA). Subject: Occupational Safety and Health Association’s [sic] notice of proposed rulemaking and notice of public hearing on indoor air quality, April 5, 1994, 59 Fed. Reg. 15966, and the extension of comment period and rescheduling of public hearing, June 14, 1994, 59 Fed. Reg. 30560. August 12, 1994. R.J. Reynolds document no. 515918609/8611. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/qwc92d00. Accessed in June 2007.

29. Roth HD. Comments submitted to OSHA re: analysis of the ETS lung cancer and heart disease data. August 12, 1994. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/swc92d00. Accessed in June 2007.

30. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Volume 83: Tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking. 2002. Available at: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol83/volume83.pdf. Accessed in July 2007.

31. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke. Report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006.

32. Dreyer LP. Wash Tech Conference Call. (Handwritten notes of Philip Morris in-house memorializing meeting between Philip Morris in-house counsel and Philip Morris regulatory consultants regarding proposed OSHA rulemaking.) Philip Morris document no. 2023896207. April 12, 1994. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cfn12a00. Accessed in June 2007.

33. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: Lung cancer and other disorders. December 1992. Available at: http://cfpub2.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=2835. Accessed in June 2007.

34. Philip Morris. Task force review of [Young & Rubicam] ETS materials. January 20, 1994. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cyl24e00. Accessed in June 2007.

35. Philip Morris. ETS media strategy. Philip Morris document no. 2023920090/0101. 1993. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/sav88e00. Accessed in June 2007.

36. Rampton S, Stauber J. Trust Us, We’re Experts! How Industry Manipulates Science and Gambles with Your Future. New York: Center for Media and Democracy, 2001.

37. Roth HD, Viren JR, Colucci AV. Evaluation of CHESS: New York asthma data 1970–1971. Vol. 1: Findings and supporting tables. EPRI EA-450 (Research Project 681–1). Report prepared for Electric Power Research Institute. 1977. R.J. Reynolds document no. 501558651/8808. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/lsp39d00. Accessed in December 2007.

38. Center for Indoor Air Research (CIAR). CIAR presentation; ca. 1995. Philip Morris document no. 2057790853/0866. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/wjm42d00. Accessed in June 2007.

39. Ong EK, Glantz SA. Tobacco industry efforts subverting International Agency for Research on Cancer’s second-hand smoke study. Lancet. 2000;355(9211):1253–59.

40. Rupp JP (counsel to the Center for Indoor Air Research). Letter to Sadler P (Imperial Tobacco Limited). Lorillard document no. 87602316/2319. 1993. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/nml11e00. Accessed in June 2007.

41. Barnes DE, Bero LA. Industry-funded research and conflict of interest: An analysis of research sponsored by the tobacco industry through the Center for Indoor Air Research. J Health Polit Policy Law. 1996;21(3):515–42.

42. Barnes DE, Bero LA. Why review articles on health effects of passive smoking reach different conclusions. JAMA. 1998;279(19):1566–70.

43. Lee PN. ‘‘Marriage to a smoker’’ may not be a valid marker of exposure in studies relating environmental tobacco smoke to risk of lung cancer in Japanese non-smoking women. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1995;67(5):287–94.

44. Hong M-K, Bero LA. How the tobacco industry responded to an influential study of the health effects of secondhand smoke. BMJ. 2002;325(7377):1413–16.

45. Oldaker III GB (Center for Indoor Air Research). Letter to Rodricks JV (ENVIRON Corp.). Re: agreement between CIAR and ENVIRON re: Hirayama study to be performed by Michael E.Ginevan. July 14, 1988. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cme04d00. Accessed in June 2007.

46. Ward ME (R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co.). Letter to Rupp J (Covington and Burling). Re: CIAR-sponsored investigation of John Viren’s Hirayama analysis by Michael E. Ginevan, ENVIRON Corp. March 22, 1988. Lorillard document no. 87676622/6623. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/moq21e00. Accessed in June 2007.

47. Viren JR (R.J. Reynolds). Letter to Goold JA (R.J. Reynolds). Status report: June to the present. July 18, 1988. R. J. Reynolds document no. 515788650–8652. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ezj95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

48. Layard MW (Failure Analysis Associates). Letter to Oldecker G (acting director, Indoor Air Quality Institute). December 10, 1987. Tobacco Institute document no. TI01230757. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/zle04d00. Accessed in June 2007.

49. Viren JR (R.J. Reynolds). Status report: July 17–29, 1988. R.J. Reynolds document no. 515788653/8655. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/dzj95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

50. Viren JR (R.J. Reynolds). Letter to Goold JA. Re: Status report. February 22, 1989.R.J. Reynolds document no. 51578 8665.  Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/bzj95a00. Accessed in June 2007.

51. Ong E, Glantz SA. Hirayama’s work has stood the test of time. Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(7):938–39.

52. Eriksen MP, LeMaistre CA, Newell GR. Health hazards of passive smoking. Annu Rev Public Health. 1988;9:47–70.

53. Fontham ET, Correa P, WuWilliams A et al. Lung cancer in nonsmoking women: A multicenter case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1991;1(1):35–43.

54. Fontham ETH, Correa P, Chen VW. Passive smoking and lung cancer. J La State Med Soc. 1993;145(4):132–36.

55. Fontham ET, Correa P, Reynolds P et al. Environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer in nonsmoking women: A multicenter study. JAMA. 1994; 271(22):1752–59.

56. Baba A, Cook DM, McGarity TO et al. Legislating ‘‘sound science’’: The role of the tobacco industry. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(suppl 1):S20–S27.

57. Meeting minutes: The National Toxicology Program (NTP) Board of Scientific Counselors’ Report on Carcinogens (BSC RoC) subcommittee meeting. December 2–3, 1998.

58. Meeting transcript: National Toxicology Program Board of Scientific Counselors’ Report on Carcinogens subcommittee meeting. December 2–3, 1998. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/epw60d00. Accessed in June 2007.

59. Chemical Manufacturers Association Epidemiology Task Force. Guidelines for good epidemiology practices for occupational and environmental epidemiologic research. 1991. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ifi73e00. Accessed in June 2007.

60. Federal Focus, Inc. Principles for evaluating epidemiologic data in regulatory risk assessment: Developed by an expert panel at a conference in London, England. Philip Morris document no. 2065386542/6612. October 1996. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/vwv77d00. Accessed in June 2007.

61. Weiss R. ‘‘Data quality’’ law is nemesis of regulation. Washington Post. August 16, 2004:A1.

62. IARC tools. Philip Morris document no. 2029059645/9652. 1994. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/wwd83e00. Accessed in June 2007.

63. Flue-cured Tobacco Cooperative Stabilization Corp. v. EPA, 4 F Supp. 2d 435 (July 17, 1998).

64. McGarity T. On the prospect of ‘‘Daubertizing’’ judicial review of risk assessment. Law and Contemporary Problems. 2003;66(155).

65. Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK. Passive smoking and lung cancer risk: What is the story now? J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;90(19):1416–17.

66. Barnoya J, Glantz SA. Cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke: Nearly as large as smoking. Circulation. 2005;111(20):2684–98.

67. Glantz S, Slade J, Bero L et al. The Cigarette Papers. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.

68. U.S. House of Representatives (103rd Cong., 2d sess.) Committee on Energy and Commerce, Subcommittee on Health and the Environment. Hearing: Regulation of Tobacco Products, Part 3. June 21 and 23, 1994. Serial no. 103–71. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/doj05c00. Accessed in June 2007.

69. Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp. v. Regents of the University of California, Super. Ct. for County of San Francisco, no. 967298 (May 25, 1995).

70. Koop CE. Foreward. In Glantz SA, Slade J, Bero L et al. The Cigarette Papers. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.

71. Glantz SA, Barnes DE, Bero L et al. Looking through a keyhole at the tobacco industry: The Brown and Williamson documents. JAMA.
1995;274(3):219–24.

72. Slade J, Bero LA, Hanauer P et al. Nicotine and addiction: The Brown and Williamson documents. JAMA. 1995;274(3):225–33.

73. Hanauer P, Slade J, Barnes DE et al. Lawyer control of internal scientific research to protect against products liability lawsuits: The Brown and Williamson documents. JAMA. 1995;274(3):234– 40.

74. Bero L, Barnes DE, Hanauer P et al. Lawyer control of the tobacco industry’s external research program: The Brown and Williamson documents. JAMA. 1995;274(3):241–47.

75. Barnes DE, Hanauer P, Slade J et al. Environmental tobacco smoke: The Brown and Williamson documents. JAMA. 1995;274(3):248–53.

76. Graham T. The Brown and Williamson documents: The company’s response. JAMA. 1995;274(3):254–55.

77. Todd JS, Rennie D, McAfee RE et al. The Brown and Williamson Documents: Where do we go from here? JAMA. 1995;274(3):256–58.

78. Kessler D. A Question of Intent: A Great American Battle with a Deadly Industry. New York: Public Affairs, 2001.

79. U.S. Food and Drug Administration v. Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corporation, 529 U.S. 120 (March 21, 2000).

80. Tobacco use among adults: United States, 2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2006;55(42):1145– 48.

81. The Health Consequences of Smoking. Report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004.

82. World Health Organization, Western Pacific Region. Country profiles for tobacco or health, 2000.

83. Hanai K. A sham anti-smoking program. Japan Times. May 28, 2001.