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Doubt Is Their Product References: Chapter Fourteen
 

1. Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 (also known as the Data Access Law/Act or Shelby Amendment). Public law no. 105–277, October 21, 1998.

2. Dockery DW, Pope CA, III, Zu Z et al. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities. NEJM. 1993;329(24):1753–59.

3. Davis D. When Smoke Ran Like Water: Tales of Environmental Deception and the Battle against Pollution. New York: Basic Books, 2002.

4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Press release: PR fact sheets to EPA proposes air standards for ozone. Issued November 27, 1996. Accessed in June 2007.

5. Sound Science Project. May 1997. Philip Morris document no. 2081324784/4788. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/xcx65c00. Accessed in June 2007.

6. Philip Morris. Force field analysis (draft). 1997. Philip Morris document no. 2081324814/4818. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/adx65c00. Accessed in June 2007.

7. Baba A, Cook DM, McGarity TO et al. Legislating ‘‘sound science’’: The role of the tobacco industry. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(suppl 1):S20–S27.

8. Russo E. Debating Shelby. Scientist. 2001 Apr 2;15(7):14.

9. Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001: x515 (also known as the Data Quality Act or Information Quality Act). Public law no. 106–554, 2000.

10. Unofficial Transcript: Peer review standards for regulatory science and technical information (Workshop hosted by the National Research Council Policy and Global Affairs Division: Science, Technology, and Law Program.) November 18, 2003. Available at: http://www7.nationalacademies.org/stl/peer_review_transcript.pdf. Accessed in July 2007.

11. Geewax M. New law means more federal rules can be challenged. Cox News Service. September 30, 2002. Available at: http://thecre.com/news2003.html (excerpts only). Accessed in September 2006.

12. Rosenstock L. Protecting special interests in the name of ‘‘good science.’’ JAMA. 2006;295(20):2407–10.

13. Hornstein DT. Accounting for science: The independence of public research in the new, subterranean administrative law. Law and Contemporary Problems. 2003;66(4):227–46.

14. Tozzi J (Center for Regulatory Effectiveness [CRE]) on behalf of the CRE, Kansas Corn Growers Association, Triazine Network. Request for correction of information contained in the Atrazine Environmental Risk Assessment. November 25, 2002. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/2807.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

15. Hayes TB, Collins A, Lee M et al. Hermaphroditic, demasculinized frogs after exposure to the herbicide atrazine at low ecologically relevant doses. PNAS. 2002;99(8):5476–80.

16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Response to comments (OPP 02– 0026– 0198) by the Center for Regulatory Effectiveness (CRE) on the Atrazine Environmental Fate and Effects Risk Assessment (docket control no. OPP-34237C), November 4, 2002. March 26, 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/2807Response_03_27_03.pdf, pp. 17–21. Accessed in June 2007.

17. National Assessment Synthesis Team, U.S. Global Change Research Program. Climate change impacts on the United States: The potential consequences of climate variability and change. 2000. Available at: http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/nacc/. Accessed in June 2007.

18. Horner CC (senior fellow, Competitive Enterprise Institute). Letter to Whitman CT (administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). Re: Petition under Federal Data Quality Act to Prohibit Further Dissemination of ‘‘Climate Action Report 2002.’’ June 4, 2002. Available at: http://www.cei.org/gencon/027,03040.cfm. Accessed in July 2007.

19. National Research Council. Climate change science: An analysis of some key questions. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.

20. Competitive Enterprise Institute. Press release: White House acknowledges climate report was not subjected to sound science law; CEI drops lawsuit against Bush Administration. Issued November 6, 2003. Available at: http://www.cei.org/gencon/003,03740.cfm. Accessed in June 2007.

21. Privitera D (Morgan Lewis, counselors at law). Letter to Office of Information Quality Guidelines; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Re: Request for correction of information. August 19, 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/12467.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

22. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidance for preventing asbestos disease among auto mechanics. June 1986. Publication no. EPA-560-OPTS-86– 002. Available at: http://www.defendingscience.org/public_health_regulations/upload/EPA-Gold-Book-1986.pdf. Accessed in July 2007.

23. Hazen SB (principal deputy assistant administrator, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). Letter to Privitera D (Morgan Lewis, LLP). Re: Response to request for correction (FRC) regarding the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Guidance for Preventing Asbestos Disease among Auto Mechanics (the Gold Book) pursuant to the U.S. EPA’s Information Quality Guidelines (RFC no. 12467). November 24, 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/12467response-morgan-lewis.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

24. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Current Best Practices for Preventing Asbestos Exposure Among Brake and Clutch Repair Workers. March 2007. Publication no. EPA-747-F-04-004.

25. Michaels D, Monforton C. How litigation shapes the scientific literature: asbestos and disease among automobile mechanics. J Law Policy. 2007;15(3): 1137–1169.

26. Goodman M, Morgan RW, Ray R et al. Cancer in asbestos-exposed occupational cohorts: A meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 1999;10(5):453–65.

27. Paustenbach DJ, Richter RO, Finley BL et al. An evaluation of the historical exposures of mechanics to asbestos in brake dust. Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 2003;18(10):786–804.

28. Paustenbach DJ, Finley BL, Lu ET et al. Environmental and occupational health hazards associated with the presence of asbestos in brake linings and pads (1900 to present): A ‘‘state-of-the-art’’ review. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2004;7(1):25–80.

29. Goodman M, Teta MJ, Hessel PA et al. Mesothelioma and lung cancer among motor vehicle mechanics: A meta-analysis. Ann Occup Hyg. 2004;48(4):309–26.

30. Hessel PA, Teta MJ, Goodman M et al. Mesothelioma among brake mechanics: An expanded analysis of a case control study. Risk Analysis. 2004;24(3):547–52.

31. Paustenbach DJ, Finley BL, Sheehan PJ et al. Re: Evaluation of the size and type of free particulates collected from unused asbestos-containing brake components as related to potential for respirability. Am J Ind Med. 2006;49(1):60–61; author reply 62–64.

32. Egilman DS, Bohme SR. Author reply to Paustenbach DJ. Scientific method questioned. Int J Occup Environ Health 2006;12(3):290–92. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2006;12(3):292–93.

33. Castleman B. Letter to Docket EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006–0398: Release of updated guidance for preventing asbestos exposure among brake and clutch repair workers. Re: EPA revised Gold Book. October 23, 2006. Document no. EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006–0398–0011.

34. Available at: http://www.defendingscience.org/upload/Exponwnr_invoices.pdf. Accessed in December 2007.

35. Kelsh MA, Craven VA (principal scientist and managing scientist, respectively,
Exponent Health Sciences, Inc.). Letter to Docket EPA-HQOPPT-2006– 0398: Release of updated guidance for preventing asbestos
exposure among brake and clutch repair workers. October 20, 2006. Document no. EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006– 0398– 0007.1.

36. Kovacs WL, Hanneman RL (Vice President, Environment, Technology, and Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and president, the Salt Institute, respectively). Letter to Office of Communications, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. May 14, 2003. Available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/infoquality/request&response/8a.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

37. Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH–Sodium Collaborative Research Group. NEJM. 2001;344(1):3–10.

38. Roth CA (associate director for Scientific Program Operation, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute). Letter to Kovaks [sic] WL, Hanneman RL (Vice President, Environment, Technology, and Regulatory Affairs, Chamber of Commerce; and President, the Salt Institute, respectively). August 19, 2003. Available at: http://www.ombwatch.org/info/dataquality/HHS_SaltResponse.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

39. Kovacs WL, Hanneman RL (vice president, Environment, Technology, and Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; and President, the Salt Institute, respectively) Letter to associate director for Communications (National Institutes of Health). Re: U.S. Chamber/Salt Institute Information Quality Appeal. September 22, 2003. Available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/infoquality/request&response/8c.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

40. Alving B (Acting Director, National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute). Letter to Kovaks [sic] WL, Hanneman RL (Vice President, Environment, Technology, and Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; and president, the Salt Institute, respectively). Re: Request for reconsideration submitted September 22, 2003. February 11, 2004. Available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/infoquality/request&response/8d.shtml. Accessed in June 2007.

41. Salt Institute and U.S. Chamber of Commerce v. Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, Health and Human Services, case no. 04-CV-359. (Complaint filed March 31, 2004).

42. Salt Institute and U.S. Chamber of Commerce v. Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, Health and Human Services, civil action no. 04–359 (GBL) (dismissed November 15, 2004). Available at: http://www.ombwatch.org/info/dataquality/HHS_SaltCourtDecision.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

43. Calabrese DB (vice president, Government Relations, Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers). Letter to Stevenson TA (secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission). Re: Information Quality guidelines: Final report on electric clothes dryers and lint ignition characteristics, May 2003. September 12, 2003. Available at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/correction/electric.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

44. Elder J (assistant executive director, Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission). Letter to Calabrese DB (vice president, Government Relations, Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers). Re: Information Quality guidelines: Final report on electric clothes dryers and lint ignition characteristics, May 2003. November 21, 2003. Available at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/correction/electric.pdf. Accessed in July 2007.

45. Cook JA (technical director, Chemical Products Corporation). Letter to Quality Guidelines Staff, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Subject: Request for correction of the IRIS barium and compounds substance file— Information disseminated by EPA that does not comply with EPA or OMB Information Quality Guidelines. October 29, 2002. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/2293.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

46. Gilman P (assistant administrator, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). Letter to Cook JA (technical director, Chemical Products Corporation). Re: Request for Correction of the IRIS Barium and Compounds Substance File Pursuant to EPA and OMB Information Quality Guidelines (IQG #2293). January 30, 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/quality/informationguidelines/documents/2293Response.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

47. Gilman P (assistant administrator, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). Letter to Cook JA (technical director, Chemical Products Corporation). Re: request for correction of the IRIS barium and compounds substance file pursuant to EPA and OMB information quality guidelines (IQG no. 2293). December 11, 2003.

48. Office of Management and Budget. Peer review and information quality proposed bulletin and request for comment. August 29, 2003.

49. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA Science Advisory Board. 2005. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/sab/. Accessed in June 2007.

50. Expert panel on the role of science at the EPA. Report to Reilly WK, EPA Administrator. Safeguarding the future: Credible science, credible decisions. 1992. Report no. EPA/600/9–91/050.

51. EPA Science Policy Council. Science Policy Council handbook: Peer review. January 1998. Document no. EPA 100-B-98– 001.

52. EPA Science Policy Council. Science Policy Council handbook: Peer review. 2d ed. December 2000. Document no. EPA-100-B-00–001.

53. Smith R. Peer review: Reform or revolution? BMJ. 1997;315(7111):759–60.

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55. Gans JS, Shepherd GB. How are the mighty fallen: Rejected classic articles by leading economists. J Econ Perspect. 1994;8(1):165–79.

56. Shapiro S, Guston D. Comments on the Office of Management and Budget’s Proposed Bulletin on Peer Review and Information Quality. December 12, 2003. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/87.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

57. Jasanoff S. Comments on Office of Management and Budget Proposed Bulletin on Peer Review and Information Quality, December 16, 2003. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/159.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

58. Taylor MR. Statement before the Committee on Peer Review Standards for Regulatory Science and Technical Information of the Science, Technology, and Law Program of the National Academies. November 18, 2003. Available at: http://www7.nationalacademies.org/stl/Taylor_Presentation_pdf.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

59. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). AAAS Resolution: On the OMB Proposed Peer Review Bulletin. Approved by AAAS Council on March 9, 2004. Available at: http://archives.aaas.org/docs/resolutions.php?doc_id=434. Accessed in June 2007.

60. American Public Health Association. Interim policy statement late-breaker 03–1: ‘‘Threats to public health science.’’ Adopted November 18, 2003.

61. Cohen JJ, Wells RD (president, American Association of Medical Colleges, and president, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, respectively). Letter to Schwab M (Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget). Re: Proposed Bulletin on Peer Review and Information Quality, 68 FR 54023–29. December 4, 2003.
Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/23.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

62. Phillips K (president, Council on Governmental Relations [COGR]). Letter to Schwab M (Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget). Re: Proposed Bulletin on Peer Review and Information Quality, 68 FR 54023–29. December 15, 2003. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/78.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

63. Alberts B (president, National Academies of Science, and chair, National Research Council). Letter to Graham J (administrator, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget). December 15, 2003. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/115.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

64. King E (assistant general counsel, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America). Letter to Schwab M (Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, OMB). Re: Proposed Bulletin on Peer Review and Information Quality. Fed. Reg. September 15, 2003;68:54023. December 15, 2003. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/2003iq/118.pdf. Accessed in June 2007.

65. Kennedy D. Disclosure and disinterest. Science. 2004;303(5654):15.

66. Office of Management and Budget. Final Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review. December 16, 2004.

67. OMB Watch. OMB Watch analysis on Final Peer Review Bulletin. 2005. Available at: http://www.ombwatch.org/article/articleview/2594/1/232?TopicID=3. Accessed in June 2007.

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